Madagascar, an island with diverse landscapes, offers a variety of transport options, each with a unique Malagasy touch: from zebu-drawn carts to cars and rickshaws. Among these, river and sea routes stand out for their charm and authenticity. Whether navigating winding rivers or sailing on the crystal-clear waters of the Indian Ocean, the experience is unforgettable and perfectly complements any tour.
The Pangalanes Canal, a network of interconnected waterways, stretches along the east coast, linking Foulpointe and Tamatave to the coffee-growing regions of Mananjary, Manakara, and Farafangana. This canal is one of the few navigable inland routes, aside from occasional pirogue trips on certain rivers.
There are three main sea routes accessible to the public: the first connects the mainland from Tamatave or Manompana to Sainte-Marie; the second links Antsahampano to Nosy Be; and the third, the shortest, crosses Bombetoka Bay between Mahajanga and the tourist destination of Katsepy. Ferry schedules vary with the seasons and sea conditions, so it’s wise to check with travel agencies, port services, or even local taxi drivers and rickshaw pullers, who often have the latest information.
Private sea tours are also available: Many hotels in Nosy Be offer excursions by sailboat or speedboat, while in other areas, private individuals sometimes rent out speedboats. On the west coast, local fishermen may also take passengers on multi-day sea expeditions.
Madagascar’s rivers, like the Tsiribihina and Manambolo, are lifelines for many communities. These waterways provide an alternative way to explore remote regions, allowing travelers to immerse themselves in lush natural surroundings. A pirogue trip through these areas offers a glimpse of wildlife in its purest form, along with visits to traditional villages where time seems to stand still.
Lastly, short excursions around the small islands of Sainte-Marie can be made aboard simple pirogues, often compensating for the lack of land-based transportation options.
