The Antambahoaka, an ethnic group from southeastern Madagascar, are known for their deep attachment to ancestral taboos (fady). Among these prohibitions, one of the most controversial is the rejection of twins.
In their tradition, giving birth to twins is considered a curse. In the past, these newborns were condemned to certain death, either abandoned or killed shortly after birth. This belief, which still exists today in some communities, continues to evoke horror and incomprehension.
The Fady Kamamba: Sacred Traditions
This taboo, known as fady kamamba, is an enduring pillar of Antambahoaka culture and spirituality. It reflects a commitment to social harmony and a profound reverence for ancestral lineage.
Within this cultural framework, the birth of twins was historically perceived as a disruption to communal balance. Consequently, these children were traditionally set apart from key collective rites, including the Sambatra circumcision ceremony.
They were also denied the right to be buried in family tombs or to be honored as ancestors after their death.
A Tradition That Still Exists Today
Although this practice may seem like a relic of the past, it still persists in some Antambahoaka communities today. However, the rejection of twins is widely condemned both nationally and internationally.
The Malagasy government and several human rights organizations are working to combat this tradition, which violates international conventions, including the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Families Who Challenge the Taboo
Families who dare to defy this taboo often face ostracism and are sometimes forced to leave their villages. Nevertheless, thanks to the efforts of several associations, three orphanages have been established in Mananjary to care for these rejected children.
Gradually, some Antambahoaka families are beginning to question this tradition and are choosing to keep their twins.
Between Cultural Tradition and Human Rights
The rejection of twins among the Antambahoaka highlights the tension between preserving cultural traditions and upholding fundamental human rights. While respect for ancestral customs is an important aspect of Malagasy identity, this practice is now widely regarded as unacceptable and in need of reform.
Efforts to change mindsets are progressing, but raising awareness remains essential in order to put an end to this tragic fady. In the face of these challenges, the fight for the recognition and protection of twins in Mananjary continues.